"Slack deals primarily with opium policy during the Nanjing Decade....Within that short period of time, however, the author is able to unravel the intricate tapestry of Guomindang opium policy and the highly charged political atmosphere from which it emerged to present a clear and well-focused analysis of the official rhetoric of prohibition and the financial and military realities that worked to undermine it. Well-researched ... presents a balanced appraisal of the Guomindang's much-criticized approach to opium, an approach that was 'at once morally abhorrent and fiscally imperative' (p. 156)." --Journal of Asian Studies, August 2001

"A perspective both unique and insightful" --Pacific Affairs, Winter 2001-2002

Surprisingly little has been written about the complicated relationship between opium and China and its people. Opium, State, and Society goes a long way toward illuminating this relationship in the Republican period, when all levels of Chinese society--from peasants to school teachers, merchants, warlords, and ministers of finance--were physically or economically dependent on the drug.

The centerpiece of this study is an investigation of the symbiotic relationship that evolved between opium and the Guomindang's rise to power in the years 1924-1937. Despite attempts to find other sources of revenue, the Guomindang became increasingly addicted to the tax monies derived from the drug trade prior to the war with Japan. Based solidly on a previously untapped reservoir of archival sources from the People's Republic and Taiwan, this work critically analyzes the complex realities of a government policy that vacillated between prohibition and legalization, and ultimately sought to curtail the cultivation, sale, and consumption of opium through a government monopoly.

Edward R. Slack, Jr., is assistant professor of history at Indiana State University.